动产浮动抵押抑或特别动产集合抵押——对我国《物权法》第181、189及196条的理解

The Chattel Floating Charge or Specific Collective Chattel Charge——the Understanding of Articles of 181,189 and 196 of Real Property Law

对我国《物权法》第181、189及196条所规范的制度的性质存在两种观点:动产浮动抵押及特别动产集合抵押。产生这两种观点的原因在于对浮动抵押制度界定的差异。浮动抵押制度的特征在于标的物的浮动性、抵押人处分抵押物的自由及可转化为固定抵押,依据这三个特征可以确定,我国《物权法》的181、189及196条所规范的制度为动产浮动抵押。创设特别动产集合抵押制度并不利于我国对这三个条款所规范内容的理解及适用。

There are two viewpoints of the articles of 181, 189 and 196 of Real Property Law, one is the chattel floating charge, the other are the special collective chattel charge. The reason is how to define the floating charge. The features of floating charge are the floating of collateral, the mortgagors＇ rights of disposing of collateral and transformablity to chattel charge. From the characteristic we can conclude that it is the chattel floating charge regulated in Real Property Law. The construction of new specific collective chattel charge does not help us understand and apply what these three articles.regulate.