论明代洪武时期的北边防御体系

Northern Defense System in Hongwu Period of Ming Dynasty

明初,元朝势力北撤塞外草原,史称"北元"。北元欲图恢复中原,明朝为加强边防,修筑"边墙"(长城),建立卫所。明朝在与北元保持对峙格局的同时,不断加强北边防御体系建设。洪武二十九年正式设置开平卫指挥使司,将洪武二十年(1387年)以后东、西两面的防御体系正式联结起来,构成一道外围防线,标志着明洪武朝北边防御体系的建成,也成为明与北元的基本疆界。

In the early Ming dynasty,the Mongolian Yuan regime,called＂Northern Yuan（Bei-yuan）＂,retreated to the grassland beyond the Great Wall.The Northern Yuan regime intended to control Central Plains（Zhong-yuan）.To strengthen frontier defense,Ming Dynasty built＂frontier wall＂（the Great Wall）and garrisons.When confrontation was kept between Ming Dynasty and Northern Yuan,Ming Dynasty was always trying to strengthen the northern defense system.Kaiping-Wei Command Institute（Zhi Hui Shi Si）,set up in the 29th year of Hongwu（A.D.1396）,connected up the east and the west defense systems which were built after the 20th year of Hongwu（A.D.1387）,and thus constituted a new defense system located more northern place.It was indicated that the northern defense system of Ming Dynasty in Hongwu period had been achieved and then it was a boundary line between Ming and Northern Yuan.