尿路感染病原菌的分布及耐药分析

Distribution and drug resistance of pathogens causing urinary tract infections

目的分析尿路感染病原菌的分布及耐药性,为临床合理使用抗菌药物提供科学依据。方法对医院2007年1月-2011年7月中段尿分离菌用常规方法进行鉴定,用纸片扩散法进行药物敏感试验。结果革兰阴性杆菌分离率为74.6%,大肠埃希菌分离率最高占57.5%,革兰阴性杆菌对亚胺培南敏感率100.0%,阿米卡星、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦、哌拉西林/舒巴坦、呋喃妥因敏感率均>90.0%;革兰阳性球菌分离率为19.2%,其中凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌占11.0%,肠球菌属占8.2%;革兰阳性球菌对万古霉素敏感率为100.0%,对其他抗菌药物有较高的耐药性;肠球菌属对高浓度庆大霉素的耐药率为58.3%,耐药性严重;而所有病原菌对其他多种抗菌药物产生了不同程度的耐药性。结论医院尿路感染病原菌已产生了一定的耐药性,应采取有效措施进行预防与控制。

OBJECTIVE To investigate distribution status and drug resistance of the pathogens causing urinary tract infections and offer scientific evidence for reasonably clinical use of antibiotics.METHODS A total of pathogenic bacteria isolated from urinary tact infection from Jan 2007 to Jul 2011 were identified,and the antibiotic susceptibility test was performed by K-B methods.RESULTS The total isolating rate of gram-negative bacilli was 74.6%,Escherichia coli accounted for 57.5%,ranking the first,gram-negative bacilli were 100.0% susceptible to imipenem and more than 90.0% susceptible to amikacin,cefoperazone/sulbactam,piperacillin/sulbactam and furantoin;the isolation rate of the gram-positive cocci was 19.2%,including coagulase-negative Staphylococci（11.0%） and Enterococcus（8.2%）;the gram-positive cocci were 100.0% susceptible to vancomycin and were highly resistant to other antibiotics;the drug resistance rate of Enterococcus to high concentration gentamicin was 58.3%;all pathogens varied in drug resistance to other antibiotics.CONCLUSION The pathogens causing urinary tract infections have produced drug resistance in certain degrees so that it is necessary to take effective measures to prevent and control.