重庆农村老龄人口健康状况调查及其对策研究

Surveying the state of health of elderly residents in rural Chongqing and its countermeasures

目的:了解重庆农村老年居民基本健康状况及卫生需求,为更好地采取干预措施提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层随机抽样、入户调查的方法对495名55岁及以上老年人进行调查。结果:调查人群中,A、B年龄组对健康主观评价的3项指标(总体健康状况、与一年前相比和与同龄人相比),经卡方检验,与同龄人相比P小于0.01,差别有统计学意义;在慢性疾病调查中,A、B年龄组人群各种慢性病患病率比较发现,骨关节病差别有统计学意义(P<0.01),风湿病差别有统计学意义(P<0.05);在日常生活能力中,在自我照顾方面P<0.05,差别有统计学意义;结论:针对农村老年居民的健康状况,应立足农村卫生服务医疗机构加强老年健康的卫生服务,广泛开展健康教育和健康宣传,努力提高农村老年人口的健康水平和生活质量,从而更好地完善农村卫生保健服务。

Objective To study the health and requirement of elderly residents in rural Chongqing, and provide references for intervention. Methods 495 eases of elderly people aged 55 and above were chosen with multi-stage stratified random sampling, and investigated with household survey. Results There had significant differences of three indexes of subjective health evaluation （ gen- eral health status,comparing with one year ago and comparing with peers） among group A, B and peers. For the prevalence of chronic diseases, significant differences were observed in osteoarthrosis and rheumatism between group A and B. And for the daily living skills, significant differences were observed in self-care. Conclusion The rural health institutions should strengthen health services for aged people, carry out health education, and improve their health and quality of life, which can perfect the rural health care services.