海平面研究的最近进展

RECENT ADVANCES IN SEA-LEVEL RESEARCH

综合评述最近世界海平面研究的进展 ,主要概括为 :(1)海平面变化是全球变化的一个重要组成部分 ,厄尔尼诺现象的发生即与海平面上升有关 .(2 )海平面变化的观测应用了一些新技术 ,如卫星雷达测高、GPS等 .(3)对海平面上升引起海岸侵蚀的Bruun定律提出了若干补充和修正意见 .(4 )比较详细地研究和监测了滩涂 (湿地 )对海平面上升的响应 .(5)比较详细阐明人类活动对海岸带的影响 .(6 )分析了各国防治海平面上升造成的灾害的对策 。

This paper presents a critical review of global sea level rise, its consequences and response strategies. The paper consists of 6 parts: Sea level changes, some new technological advancements, environmental consequences of sea level rise, response of coastal wetland to sea level rise, LOICZ project and response strategies. Briefly speaking,sea level change is an important item in global change. Recent research indicates sea level rise may be a cause of global warming. Coastal erosion is triggered by sea level rise as shown by Bruun rule. Although Bruun rule is essentially true for sandy coast, it is not valid for muddy coast where the predominant cause of coastal erosion is sediment starvation. The best response strategy to coastal erosion is beach nourishment which is known in USA as “tool of Choice”.However, in many developing countries, sea dike is still a means of coastal protection. In order to use coastal resources wisely, integrated coastal management is widely adopted which currently emphasizes “Human dimension” by putting more weight on socioeconomic factors as visualized in PSIR model of LOICZ.