父母养育方式、人格对儿童社会创造性和社会喜好的影响

The Effect of Parenting Styles and Personality on Primary School Children's Social Creativity and Social Preferences

采用父母养育方式量表(EMBU)、艾森克个性问卷(EPQ)、同伴提名和半结构的故事情境访谈,考察了189名3-6年级小学儿童的父母养育方式、人格对其社会创造性和社会喜好的影响机制。结果表明:(1)父亲的过度保护和母亲的拒绝否认可通过精神质和神经质、母亲的情感温暖和理解可通过内外向,影响儿童的社会创造性,进而影响儿童的社会喜好;(2)父亲的过度保护与母亲的情感温暖、理解可以与儿童的内外向、神经质一起通过社会创造性影响儿童的社会喜好。通过改善父母的养育方式,提高儿童的外向水平和解决问题的兴奋性,可以改善儿童的社会创造性和同伴地位。

This study, by using the Parenting Style Scale （Egma Minnen av. Bardndosnauppforsffan, EMBU）, the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire （EPQ）, peer nomination, and the semi-structured situational interview to survey 189 primary school students randomly selected from Grade 3 to Grade 6, aims to explore the effect of their parenting styles and personality on their social creativity and social preferences. The results show the fol- lowing： （1） their fathers＇ overprotection and their mothers＇ refusal and denial can affect their social creativity and then their social preferences through the mediation of psychoticism and neuroticism, whereas their mothers＇ emotional warmth and understanding can have an effect on their social creativity and then their social preferences by means of introversion-extroversion; and （2） their fathers＇ overprotection and their mothers＇ emotional warmth and understanding, along with their introversion-extroversion and neuroticism, have an effect on their social pref- erences through the mediation of their social creativity. In conclusion, improving parenting styles and developing children＇s extroversion and passion for problem-solving can help to improve their social creativity and peer status.