面向实践的技术知识——人类学视野的技术观

Technological Knowledge Facing with Practice

近30年来，人类学对技术的研究已经将人们的技术观从人工物中心观和建构主义中心观推进到社会技术系统观。通过活动棱镜或者身体中介的引人，人和物被铸造成一个更加紧密的无缝之网，它是身体的、生理的、心理的、社会的、文化的以及物质的有机整体。这种新形成的技术观是一种更具经验性的、更少决定论的、更多建构论的和语境依赖性的技术意象。

Resorting to introducing the lens of action or body, this essay weaves the relations of human and things as a seamless web, thus dwells on the terms of socio-technical system in the anthropology of technology. The paper reviews the history of anthropology examining technology. Based on that, it expounds on the social-practiced nature of technological knowledge, at the same time, views technological artifacts as the interface of human actions. Then it demonstrates that technological action as well as its context is the foundation of meaning. We anticipate that this disquisition would call upon and facilitate the intercommunions between philosophy of technology and anthropology of technology, thereby foster the synthesizing approach on technology, which has Chinese characters. The synthesizing approach includes interdisciplinary, critical and cultural approaches.