模糊闭环供应链的定价与协调机制研究

Research on Decision of Pricing and Coordination Mechanism of Closed-loop Supply Chain in Fuzzy Environment

研究了一个单周期三级模糊闭环供应链系统,模糊性存在于再制造过程和需求过程。建立不确定理论下,基于可信性分布的分散决策和集中决策模型,并进行了求解。研究表明,供应链实行集中决策虽然可以大幅提高供应链利润,但供应链利润的提高往往是以牺牲第三方回收商的利益为代价。为此,将收入-费用共享契约引入闭环供应链,该契约不仅可以有效地改善闭环供应链在分散决策下由激励不一致、信息不对称等因素引起的供应链效率低下问题,使供应链的利润达到集中决策时的水平,还可以协调模糊环境下供应链中各成员的利润,提高参与各方的积极性。最后给出算例验证了模型的有效性。

A single period three-stage fuzzy closed-loop supply chain is considered, in which the fuzziness are associated with the remanufacturing and demand processes. Based on credibility distribution, the decision processes are analyzed under the decentralized and centralized decision, and the corresponding optimal strategies are obtained. The results show that the profit of supply chain can be significantly improved under the decentralized decision for which the price is the decrease of profit of third-party recycler. To this end, revenue-and-expense sharing contract is introduced into the closed-loop supply chain system, which can not only effectively prevent supply chain inefficiency caused by incompatible incentives and asymmetric information structure and make the total profit of supply chain systems reach the level of centralized decision, but also coordinate the profits of members in fuzzy environment. Finally, a numerical example is given to illustrate the conclusion.