电解铝厂周边蔬菜氟含量特征

Fluoride Concentration Pattern of Vegetables Growing in Areas around an Aluminum Smelting Plant

为了解电解铝厂氟污染对周边蔬菜的影响,通过采用氟离子选择电极法对凯里某电解铝厂周边蔬菜的氟含量进行测定,并对蔬菜的氟含量特征进行分析。结果表明:铝厂周边蔬菜中氟的含量最高为76.94 mg/kg,最低为19.90 mg/kg,平均含量为42.98 mg/kg,都已超过国家食品卫生标准规定的蔬菜中氟污染物最大容许含量,蔬菜受到了较为严重的氟污染。不同种类蔬菜中的氟含量存在较大差异;叶菜类蔬菜氟含量为茄果类蔬菜氟含量的1.5倍,叶菜类蔬菜积累氟的能力比茄果类蔬菜强,更容易受到氟的污染。铝厂周边不同区域的蔬菜都受到比较严重的氟污染,主要与铝厂的距离有关,距离铝厂越近,蔬菜受到氟污染更严重。

A survey of fluoride pollution of an aluminum smelting plant in Kaili of Guizhou Province was conducted with focuses on monitoring of vegetables which were growing around the plant.The analysis by fluoride ion-selective electrode method revealed the concentrations of fluoride in vegetables with the highest as 76.94 mg/kg,the lowest and average as 19.90 mg/kg and 42.98 mg/kg respectively,indicating all of the values exceed the safety limit of fluoride stipulated in the state standard of food hygiene.Findings of the survey also suggested that fluoride concentrations of different species of vegetable differed largely,e.g.in general,fluoride content of leaf vegetables was 1.5 times higher than that of eggplant,and apparently the degree of fluoride pollution severity was closely related to the distance from the aluminum plant.