警惕战略性贸易政策陷阱——兼评日美的半导体产业政策

Alert the Trap of Strategic Trade Policy:Comments on the Policies of Semiconductor Industry between Japan and America

战略性贸易政策作为新贸易理论的政策主张,不仅在理论上严重依赖假设条件,而且在实践中也面临战略性产业难以识别、信息不充分以及政治力量、利益集团的影响等等困境。但这些理论为政府实施贸易干预提供了有力的理论支撑。日本对半导体产业的干预虽然使其产业竞争力迅速提高到可以与美国竞争的水平,也导致其产业发展高度依赖政府主导的联合研发项目,缺乏应对环境变化的灵活性,而且消费者在这过程中也遭受巨额损失。

The strategic trade policy as the policy view advocated by the New Trade Theory is highly dependent on theoretical assumptions, and also faces many troubles such as difficulties to identify the strategic industry, asymmetry information and the influence of political power and interest groups in practice. Yet the strategic trade policy becomes a strong theoretical support for government to implement trade intervention. Japanese government＇s intervention in the semiconductor industry has rapidly increased its competitiveness so as to be able to compete with American semiconductor industry. On the other hand, the development of Japanese semiconductor industry is highly dependent on the industrial policies, and is lack of flexibility to environmental changes because of the intervention. In addition, Japanese consumers have suffered huge losses during the implementation of the intervention.