昆明市孕妇人群戊型肝炎病毒血清学调查

Seroepidemiological Survey of Hepatitis E Virus in Pregnant Women in Kunming City

目的调查昆明市孕妇人群戊型肝炎病毒(hepatitis E virus,HEV)感染情况。方法采用ELISA法检测昆明市不同妊娠阶段孕妇血清标本(149例)中抗HEV IgG抗体。结果昆明市孕妇人群HEV IgG抗体阳性率为10.07%(15/149),其中20～25岁孕妇HEV IgG阳性率为12.07%(7/58),26～29岁孕妇人群HEV IgG抗体阳性率为13.46%(7/52),30岁以上孕妇人群阳性率最低为2.56%(1/39)。妊娠早期孕妇HEV IgG抗体阳性率为6.25%,妊娠中期为10.75%,妊娠晚期为10%。经统计分析,不同年龄阶段、不同妊娠时期的孕妇人群中HEV IgG抗体阳性率差异不显著(P>0.05)。结论昆明市孕妇人群中HEV感染主要以散发病例形式存在,鉴于HEV对孕妇极高的致死率,急需加强妊娠期间孕妇的HEV检测,以便进行及时有效的治疗。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of HEV in pregnant women in Kunming city. Methods Serum samples （n = 149） were collected from hospital to detect anti - HEV IgG antibody by ELISA. Results The positive rate of anti - HEV IgG in pregnant women was 10.07% （15/149） in Kunming city, and 12.07% in 20 -25 years old women, 13.46% in 26 -2.9 years old women, and only 2.56% in elder than 30 years old pregnant women. Meanwhile, 6.25% pregnant woman in their first trimester was positive to anti - HEV IgG, 10.75% in their second trimester and 10% in their third trimester of pregnancy. There was significant difference neither in dif- ferent ages of pregnant women nor in different stages of gestational period （P 〉 0.05）. Conclusion Sporadic cases of HEV infection in pregnant women were detected in Kunming city. It is urgent to test whether pregnant women had been infected by HEV to reduce the high fatality caused by HEV during the gestational period.