43个河南主推小麦品种抗条锈病基因的分子检测

Molecular Detection of Stripe Rust Resistant Genes in 43 Wheat Varieties Planted in Henan Province

对河南省60年来大面积推广的43个小麦品种进行条锈病抗性鉴定,并利用与Yr1、Yr2、Yr5、Yr7、Yr9、Yr10、Yr24、Yr26、YrZH84、YrSp等基因紧密连锁的分子标记对其进行抗条锈病基因的检测。结果表明,大多数供试品种对条锈病优势小种CY32、CY33、Hy-8、Su11-4不具备或丧失抗性,仅3个品种对这4个生理小种有较好的抗性,占供试品种数量的7.0%;Yr1、Yr2、Yr5、Yr7、Yr9、Yr10、Yr24、YrZH84等基因在43个品种中的检出频率分别为14.0%,95.3%,11.6%,4.7%,16.3%,7.0%,2.3%,11.6%,供试材料中未检测出Yr26、YrSp基因。2000年以前条锈病抗性基因以单基因Yr1、Yr2为主,而2000年以后则以多基因聚合为主。抗病性鉴定结果与抗性基因鉴定结果对应分析表明,Yr10和Yr24均对CY32、Su11-4、CY33具良好抗性,YrZH84仅对CY32抗性较好,当Yr10和YrZH84基因复合存在时对4个强致病力生理小种具有良好的抗性。

The resistance to stripe rust of forty-three cultivars widely-used in Henan province during the past sixty years was evaluated.Yr gene contained in these cultivars was identified by the molecular markers tightly linked with Yr1,Yr2,Yr5,Yr7,Yr9,Yr10,Yr24,Yr26,YrZH84 and YrSp.The result showed that the vast majority of varieties are lost in resistance for advantage of stripe rust races of CY32,CY33,Hy-8 and Su11-4 in Henan Province.Only three varieties have better resistance to the tested physiological races,which accounted for 7.0%.The gene of Yr1,Yr2,Yr5,Yr7,Yr9,Yr10,Yr24 and YrZH84 can be detected with frequencies of 14.0%,95.3%,11.6%,4.7%,16.3%,7.0 %,2.3%,11.6%,respectively.However,Yr26 and YrSp were absented in all the tested cultivars.Before 2000,stripe rust resistant genes were used with single gene Yr1,Yr2 mainly,with the resistant loss of a single gene,since 2000 the pyramids of muti-genes were used gradually in the Henan province.Yr10 and Yr24 had good effect to races CY32,Su11-4 and CY33,YrZH84 had only good effect to races CY32.While,the pyramids of gene Yr10 and YrZH84 had better resistance to all the tested physiological races.