公共利益立法模式研究

On the Legislative Expression and Legislative Models of Public Interest

宪法作为国家的根本大法,理应对公共利益作出明确规定,但是宪法规范的概括性、抽象性以及公共利益的层次性和多样性,决定了需要部门法对公共利益作出具体规范。公共利益立法例有概括式、列举式、折中式等几种,这与各国立法传统相关,无所谓孰优孰劣。我国应采取"以宪法统领公共利益,以部门法规范公共利益"的公共利益立法路径,通过概括条款、列举条款、兜底条款、排除条款等形式界定公共利益。

Constitution, as the fundamental law of a country, should be make specific provisions for the public interest, but the generality and principled feature of constitutional norms, as well as the level and di-versity of public interest determine the needs of departments adjust specific norms of public interest. The legislative models of public interest are generalizing, listing, compromising ones, which are related to the tradition of national legislation and of which one is never superior to the other. China should adopt the leg-islative model of ＂Constitution guide sector law to regulate public interest＂, and define public interest with the general terms, citing the terms of fallback provision, exclusion and other forms.