四川省宁南县山区农业综合开发

COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURE IN THE MOUNTAINOUS REGION OF NINGNAN COUNTY,SICHUAN PROVINCE

宁南县是个多民族的山区农业县。全县人口15万,土地面积1675平方公里(其中山地占84％,平坝占16％)。本县岭谷高差2000—3000米。全县属亚热带季风气候区,干暖,热量丰富,光照充足。农业自然资源优势在于甘蔗、蚕桑、油桐、生猪。据此进行农业综合开发,注重:开发的合理性,各项建设的配套,开发目标和对象的明确,农业投入的增加,责任制的推行和完善,科技兴农工程的建立。1989年全县粮食产量比1978年增长13％(其间粮食播种面积减少2万亩),蔗糖产量占全省总产的1/8,生丝成了县内唯一的出口创汇商品,所产桐油是凉山州免检产品,生猪产量7万头。

Ningnan County,located at 26°50′12″-27°18′34″N, 102°27′44″- 102°55′09″E,is a multinational agricultural county in the mountainous region. Its land area is 1,675km2(the length from south to north is 52. 0km and the width from east to west is 4 3. 5km), in which the cultivated land area is 114km2,the land area used for forest is 1,028km2(including the land under forest is 367km2), grassland area is 53km2, wasteland area is 333km2 and other land area is 147km2. The total population of Ningnan County is 15×10~4 (among them the population of Yizhu and others national minorities are 3×10~4) and the agricultural population occupies 93%.In 1989,the grain output of the county is 56×10~6kg and per farmer is 402kg. The total production value of industry and agriculture is 8,854×10~4yuan (industrial production value occupying 41 %). Per farmer income is 480yuan.The Heishui River, flowing from northwest to southeast, passes through the county. The height difference between the ridges and valleys is 2,000-3,000m. The eastern Ningnan is situated on the west bank of the Jinsha River, with height difference of 2,500-3,000m, and belongs to dry-hot valley.The county is situated in subtropical zone, belonging to dry-warm climate. The mean annual temperature is 19. 3℃,≥10℃ accumulated temperature is 6,483℃. The frostless season is 320d,annual sunshine rate is 51%,annual sunshine duration is 2,263h,the radiant intensity is 535,000-565,000J/cm2· a,annual precipitation is 970mm (91% is from May to Oct. ), annual relative humidity is 64%. The vartical differentiation of climate is obvious.The soil is suitable for growing grain crops,especially sugarcane,mulberry,tung tree,toba-coo and fruit, etc.In order to use the favourable climatic condition and resource superiority,it is necessary to comprehensively develop agriculture in this county. The comprehensive development ways of agriculture; 1. to strengthen the construction of water conservancy, forestry, road and energy sources,etc. and develop processing industry; 2. to define the direction and targets of development on the basis of the local superiorities; 3. to increase the agricultural investment; 4. to pursure and perfect the responsible system for agricultural production; 5. to do well the works of science and technology promoting agriculture.