云南复叶耳蕨属植物孢子形态研究

Spore Morphology of Arachniodes(Dryopteridaceae) from Yunnan

利用扫描电子显微镜对30种复叶耳蕨孢子形态进行了观察,结果显示:(1)复叶耳蕨孢子两侧对称,单裂缝,裂缝长度为赤道轴的1/2～3/4,极面观为卵圆形或椭圆形,赤道面观为半圆形或近圆形,大小为(25.45～43.43)μm×(18.09～31.92)μm。(2)复叶耳蕨孢子主要纹饰有:片状、刺状、瘤块状、翅状、脊状、耳状及粗糙7种类型。(3)根据孢子形态特征,对长期存在分类争议的种进行了探讨,并列出基于孢子形态的检索表。结果支持:将灰脉复叶耳蕨处理为西南复叶耳蕨的异名;大姚复叶耳蕨处理为日本复叶耳蕨的异名;镰形复叶耳蕨作为南川复叶耳蕨的异名;钝羽复叶耳蕨和浅裂复叶耳蕨孢子纹饰一致,因此其亲缘关系较近。

The spores of 30 species of Arachniodes B1. were observea unaer bcml 6 （SEM）. The results showed that： （1）The spores of 30 species were bilaterally symmetric and monolete. The laesura is 1/2 to 3/4 of the equatorial diameter. The spore is elliptic or ovoid in polar view and semicir- cular or subrounded in equatorial view,（25.45-43.43）μm× （18.09-31.92）μm in size. （2）Seven types of surface ornamentations are identified, which are lamellate, echinate, rugulate, alate, lophate, auriculate, scabrate, （3）The relationships of some species which were disputed for a long time were discussed, a key based on the characters of spore morphology was also provided. The results implied that：A, leuconeura is reduced to the synonym of A. assarnica ;A. dayaoensis is reduced to the synonym of A. nipponica ;A. falca- ta is as a part of A. nanchuanensis;The similar spore ornamentations shared by A. obtusiloba and A. spha- erosora suggested that they were related closely.