丛藓科植物叶细胞疣和乳突的光镜观察及其分类学意义

Light Microscope Observation of Leaf Papillae and Mammillae in Pottiaceae and their Taxonomic Sense

选择中国丛藓科中具有代表性的4亚科、11属、13种,利用光学显微镜对其叶细胞的疣和乳突进行形态、大小、数量、疏密及形成等方面的观察和比较,为探讨并确定丛藓科中部分物种的系统位置提供依据。结果表明:中国丛藓科13个种植物的叶细胞疣和乳突在形态上主要分为圆疣、分叉疣和乳头状突起共3个类型,不同物种的疣和乳突在形态特征和分布上都存在一定程度的差异;通过对不同资料相应物种疣和乳突描述的比较,纠正了一些物种疣和乳突的描述错误,并提出疣和乳突的区分方法:观察叶片横切,疣是细胞壁的局部加厚或凸起,数量变化较大,而乳突是细胞壁和腔整体的膨起,每细胞仅具一个乳突。研究认为,疣和乳突是丛藓科物种叶细胞表面的稳定结构,具有重要的辅助分类功能,可利用其差异对丛藓科属间和种间的物种进行划分。

Aimed at Pottiaceae difficult to classify and controversial to taxonomy of most genera in this fami- ly,we chose 4 subfamilies, 11 genera, 13 species representative of Pottiaceae in China, then observed and compared the morphology, size, number, density and formation of the leaf cell papillae and mammillae under light microscope （LM）. The results show Pottiaeeae papillae and mammillae mainly have three types： rounded papillae, bifid papillae and mammillae. To different species, there are more or less differences in the morphological characters and distribution of the two structures. Based on the above results, and through comparing the descriptions of the 13 species papillae and mammillae in different literatures,we corrected the descriptions errors and provided the best-fit way to distinguish the two structures. Besides,to Pottiace- ae,we think papillae and mammillae are stable characters and have important and auxiliary function for classify Pottiaceae species among the same genus and different genera.