论陈明水的知几工夫

On Chen Mingshui＇s Effort in the Investigation of Ji

知几是陈明水早期主要思想。明水之几，既微又显，实为王阳明之良知本体。知几也就是知良知，亦即致良知。知几还与存神、研几、慎独、诚意等工夫紧密相连。明水认为知几与存神、研几、慎独实质是一回事。另外，慎独之独是良知；慎是谨之义，亦即戒慎恐惧之义。慎独也就是严谨缉熙、知几、研几、致知。诚意，是一种与知几不同的修养工夫，它的特点是要在意念生发之前诚正之。但其最终之目的亦是要致知。明水用几阐发了其诚意工夫。明水继承了阳明之本体论，创新了阳明之工夫论。

The investigation of Ji was an early main thought of Chen Mingshui, which is subtle and evident. In essence,it is the innate knowledge or the original substance of Wang Yangming. The Investigation of Ji is the investigation and extention of innate knowledge. It is connected with the keeping of spirit, the study of Ji, being prudent when alone, and sincerity of will. Mingshui stated that the investigation of Ji is essentially the keeping of mind, the study of Ji, being prudent when alone. In addition, the ＂alone＂ of prudent when alone is the innate knowledge;the ＂prudent＂ means ＂strict＂ and ＂be on the alert against fear＂. The ＂prudent when alone＂ is ＂strictness of Jixi＂, the investigation of Ji, the study of Ji, and the investigation of innate knowledge. The sincerity of will is another effort, which is different from the investigation of Ji, and whose specialty is putting the will right before it engenders. But the ultimate purpose is also to investigate the innate knowledge. Mingshui employed Ji in elucidating the effort of the sincerity of will. He inherited the theory of original substance of Yangming, and innovated his effort theory.