张爱玲《金锁记》自译探析

A Probe into Self-translation of Eileen Chang＇s ＂The Golden Cangue＂

张爱玲用二十年的时间，对《金锁记》进行了四次自译和重写，先后产生了Pink Tears、The Rouge of the North、《怨女》、The Golden Cangue等四个文本。在翻译和创作不同的文本时，张爱玲采取了直译、修改、重写等不同的翻译策略。这些文本的产生，是张爱玲受到内外双重驱动力的结果，她试图通过这些文本的翻译创作缓解写作焦虑，寻找写作灵感，打开美国市场，书写旧日“传奇”，同时改变困顿的经济状况。但是由于文化的巨大差异，译者与读者存在的心理期待差异，以及社会环境的限制，张爱玲的自译作品在东西方均受到了冷落。

Eileen Chang self-translated and rewrote four versions of The Golden Cangue successively in two decades with titles including Pink Tears, The Rouge of the North,＂ Yuan Nv ＂, and The Golden Cangue. She employed different translation strategies such as literal translation, modification, and rewriting in different versions, which are the results of both internal and external driving forces of Eileen Chang. She tried to ease writing anxiety through translation and creation of these texts for the purpose of seeking writing inspiration, entering the U.S. market, writing the old ＂legend＂ and changing her extremely tight financial condition at the same time. However, due to huge differences in culture, psychological expectation of translators and readers, as well as the limitations of social environment, self-translated works of Eileen Chang had been poorly received both in the East and the West.