为民服务代理：演化逻辑及其困境

Service Agencies for People:Evolution Logic and Its Dilemma

为民服务代理是当前地方政府提供公共服务的方式之一。一些文献对此进行了研究,但没有回答:为民服务代理的生成逻辑和制度基础是什么;为什么为民服务代理表现出强烈的政府主导色彩。以解释中国地方政府的组织机构、任务实现、激励、控制、变革等理论为基础,本文提出:为民服务代理是基层政府综合权衡各种因素后的理性选择结果;借助纵向的科层体系和政府间竞争,为民服务代理实现了在基层政府和全国的扩张,目标管理制和责任监控机制又进一步强化了该制度的存在。为民服务代理既有优点,也蕴含着困境。

Service Agencies for people is one of the service delivery ways used by local governments. The existing literatures did not answer following questions： what are the generation logic and institutional basis of service agency, and why did public service agency show a strong government--led feature？ Based on the theories explaining local government be- haviors, this article concludes that service agency is a rational choice made by the grass--roots government. With ver- tical bureaucratic system and intergovernmental competition, service agency expands to the system of grassroots gov- ernment at all levels as well as many parts of China. Target management system and responsibility controlling mecha- nism are to further expand the existence meaning of this system. In general, the service agency systems have both ad- vantages and difficulties.