奴隶制时代美国黑人的文化自觉与抗争——解读凯特·肖邦的小说《漂亮姑娘佐哈伊德》

Cultural Consciousness and Resistance of the Black People in the Age of Slavery in the United States

凯特·肖邦的《漂亮姑娘佐哈伊德》是一篇具有丰富的历史和文化内涵的小说,如果把它放在黑人形象建构的学术史脉络中来阅读,就可以发现它实际上是一个黑人奴隶为了爱情和尊严而抗争的故事,生动地表现了黑人的文化自主意识和抗争精神。小说所塑造的四种不同的黑人形象,在一定意义上挑战和冲击了流行的黑人形象建构方式,颠覆了美国历史中对黑人形象的类型化认知,因此可以说肖邦是重新审视黑人形象建构的先行者。

Kate Chopin's 'La Belle Zoraide' is a short story imbued with historical and cultural connotations.It can be read,in the academic context of image construction of the blacks,as a narrative of the black slave's struggle for love and dignity.It vividly embodies the black people's consciousness of cultural autonomy and their spirit of resistance as well.It creates four different types of black images,which,in a sense,challenges and attacks the prevailing way of image construction of the black people,and subverts the stereotyped cognition of the black images in American history.In that sense,Kate Chopin can be regarded as one of the forerunners who reexamined closely the historical image of the black people in the United States.