随迁子女学前教育与流动女性的就业实证研究

Pre-school Education among Children of Migrant Workers and the Employment of Migrant Women

本文使用国家人口计生委2011年流动人口动态监测调查数据,采用倾向值匹配的分析方法,研究了随迁子女入园状况对其母亲参与劳动力市场以及就业概率的影响。研究发现,约四成学龄前流动儿童没有入园,而随迁子女难以进入幼儿园对流动女性就业带来显著的负面影响,限制了流动女性参与和成功就业。文章进一步提出了促进流动人口学龄前随迁子女入园状况的政策建议。

Based on the National Migrant Population Surveillance Survey conducted in 2011 by the National Population and Family Planning Commission of China, this paper focuses on the married female migrants who live with preschool children of 3-6 years. Pro-bity regression is conducted to estimate the impact of children＇s entrance to kindergarten on their mother＇s labor market participation outcomes, and propensity score matching （PSM） is used to control potential sample selection bias. Results show that about 40% of preschool migrant children could not be admitted into kindergartens. We also find that the low enrollment rate brings significant nega-tive impact on their mothers＇ employment opportunity and restricts these women＇s labor-market participation.