恨时代恶象 叹人生多艰——从《玄怪录》看晚唐文人的末世情怀

Hating Evil like Sighing Life Time——Literati Feelings Reflected in Xuan Guai Lu in Middle and Late Tang Dynasty

《玄怪录》虽以记述玄奇怪异、仙道狐妖之事而显得虚幻怪谲、荒诞不稽,但它揭露吏治腐败、社会黑暗的恶象,抒发宦游漂泊、人生如寄的感伤,喟叹功业无成、价值失落的迷惘,表露生死幻灭、忧心如焚的恐惧,折射寄情山水、遁世绝俗的无奈,都反映出以牛僧孺为代表的晚唐文人那种无可挽回的悲观心理和无所作为的消沉心态。

Xuan Guai Lu is a record of Hu Yao , the mysterious and strange immortals, which seems unreal, strange and absurd. The book exposes indirectly the corruption of officials and the dark side of the society. It also expresses the suffering of the official＇s wandering life which seems drifting, sad, meaning- less, full of confusion and disillusion and full of the fear of achieving nothing. The disappointed wanderers indulge themselves in the landscape of nature and in the solitude life of hermets. All these reflect the pas- sive and pathetic feelings of the scholars in middle and late Tang Dynasty who are represented by Niu Seng- ru in the book.