论用典与咏史及述本事的关系

The Relationship Between Literary Quotations with Chorale History and Life History

诗中用典、咏史与述本事三者都涉及古人古事,但三者也有区别。用典是一种修辞手法,其目的是替代与证明,典故中的古人古事没有独立的地位;咏史是诗歌的一种题材,古人古事在诗中有独立的地位,而且咏史诗必须对古人古事进行评价;述本事类似于传记的写法,是一般的叙述而不是用典。

Literary quotations, chorale history and life history all involve the ancients and ancient things. But there are differences among them. Literary quotation is a kind of rhetoric, and its purpose is to replace and prove the ancients and ancient things have no independent status; Chorale history is a kind of subject matter, the ancients in ancient poems have independent status, and it must be evaluated; life history is general narrative and not literary quotations.