“诗哲”与“文道”——以柏拉图与朱熹为例

Plato' "Poetry VS Philosophy" and Zhu Xi' "Literature VS Tao"

柏拉图和朱熹都是世界文化史上弃诗从道的哲学巨人,柏拉图批判荷马接续"诗哲之争";朱熹批评苏轼则终结"文道之争"。诗哲争强调诗哲二分,哲学超越诗歌;文道争主张以道为本、文与道合。两者对诗文的批评都包容着对诗文最深刻的认识,柏拉图对真理的强调是他批判诗歌不"真"的根据,朱熹哲学的道本论特征是他强调诗本性情之"正"的前提。强调"真"与凸显"正"是柏拉图诗学与朱熹诗学的差异所在。

Plato and Zhu Xi are two giants in the cultural history of the world sharing the following commonality： abandoning poetry in pursuit of philosophy（or Tao in Chinese）.Plato＇s criticism of Homer renewed the battle of ＂Poetry VS Philosophy＂ while Zhu Xi＇s criticism of Su Shi put an end to the dispute of ＂literature VS Tao＂.＂Poetry VS Philosophy＂ postulated that the latter should transcend the former,while ＂literature VS Tao＂ highlighted the central role of the latter.Plato＇s emphasis on the truth resulted in his accusation that poetry was not ＂true＂ while Zhu Xi＇s Tao-centered philosophy regarded philosophy as the ＂positive＂ premise of poetry.The difference between Plato＇ and Zhu Xi＇ Poetics lies in that one stresses the ＂true＂ while the other highlights the ＂positive＂.