一氧化碳中毒与一氧化碳中毒迟发性脑病的研究进展

Progress in the relationship between acute carbon monoxide poisoning and delayed neuropathological sequelae

急性一氧化碳中毒是指在短时间内吸入过量一氧化碳（CO）所引起的中毒。它是以中枢神经系统（CNS）损伤为主的全身性疾病，是当今发生率和死亡率最高的中毒。急性CO中毒治疗不及时或者即使经过积极治疗，仍有3％-30％的患者于中毒症状缓解后，经过一段时间的“假愈期”（3～240d）发生迟发性脑病（DNS）。本文重点就急性CO中毒和DNS的发病机制、病理学特点、临床诊断和治疗等的研究进展进行综述，以期为其基础与临床研究提供理论基础。

Acute carbon monoxide （CO） poisoning refers to excessive inhalation of carbon monoxide in a short time. CO poisoning has the higher incidences and mortalities at present, and is a common disease that leads to the damage of central nervous system （CNS）. 3% - 30% of the patients with serious poisoning develop an encephalopathy after a period of ＂latent phase＂ （ 3 - 240 days） despite adequate treatment or even when treated. In this paper, we review the advancement of pathogenesis, pathological features, clinical diagnosis and treatment of acute CO poisoning and delayed neuropathological sequelae （DNS） in order to provide theoretical basis for basic research and clinical research.