常见30对所谓相克食物的相克情况调查

Survey of 30 Common Mutual Restrained Food Combinations

目的:通过文献检索、现场调查和食谱查阅等方法对常见所谓相克食物的相克情况进行调查分析,为正确认识相克食物组合风险,保证人民群众的饮食安全提供依据。方法:选择中国学术期刊全文数据库(CNKI)作为文献统计数据源,查阅1994—2010年之间文献;随机抽取部队炊事人员进行问卷调查,问卷内容包括对食物相克的一般认知和常见30对所谓相克食物搭配情况的回顾调查;对20个单位100份连队周食谱和20份部队重大活动食谱进行逐一检索,查看有无所谓的相克食物组合。结果:(1)查阅174篇文献,仅有38篇属于反对食物相克的,支持"相克"的文献与质疑"相克"的文献比例约为4:1。(2)328名调查对象中有325人听说过食物相克,206人认为食物相克有科学根据,17人表示遇见过因食物相克而使食用者出现不适症状。(3)炊事人员对相克食物相互搭配的回顾性调查表明,搭配比例较高的食物组合有黄瓜和花生、黄瓜和西红柿、猪肉和黄豆、菠菜和豆腐、葱和豆腐、虾和西红胡萝卜和白萝卜,搭配比例依次为57.93%、37.50%、35.06%、32.93%、31.71%、30.18%、26.83%。(4)120份食谱中出现的食物组合有:黄瓜和西红柿、葱和豆腐、黄瓜和花生、豆浆和鸡蛋、菠菜和豆腐、黄豆和猪肉、牛奶和菜花、虾和西红柿、牛肉和韭菜、牛肉和栗子等。结论:调查对象对食物相克认知与普通人群存在一定差异;所调查的相克食物在部队食谱和膳食中经常出现,多数不会引起人体不良反应,相互搭配风险较低。

[Objective] Based on the literature, research and the investigation of the common mutual restrained food combinations were performed to provide scientific evidences for better understanding of this hearsay and ensure the people＇s diet security. [Methodl The full-text database from Chinese periodicals were used as the source of information. Totally 328 forces catering service workers were randomly chosen for the survey of cognition of mutual restriction between foods with questionnaires. Totally 30 common mutual restrained food combinations were asked in the 328 forces catering service workers in pratice of diet arrangemen and in 120 portions of diet. ｜Resultl Access to 174 arti- cles, only 38 articles of them were opposition, support for mutual restraint in literature and questioned mutual restraint in the literature ratio is about 4：1. Among the 328 respondents, 325 had heard of mutual restrained food combinations, 206 considered mutual restrained food combinations had a scientific basis, and 17 people had met with mutual restrained food combinations consumed by leaving symptoms ap- pear. A retrospective survey of cooks for mutual restrained food combinations indicated that the combinations with a high proportion of food were peanut and cucumber, spinach and tofu, carrots and white radish, cucumber and tomatoes, soybean and pork, onions and torn, shrimp and tomatoes, followed with a ratio of 57.93% , 32. 93% , 26. 83% , 37.50% , 35.06% , 31.71% , and 30. 18%. Totally 120 portions of diet showed that these mutual restrained food combinations like cucumbers and tomatoes, onions and tofu, cucumber and pea- nuts, milk and eggs, spinach and tofu, soybeans and pork, milk and broccoli, shrimp and tomatoes, beef and leek, beef and chestnuts were appeared in the same time. [Conclusion] The understanding or acceptance of this view was different among various groups of people. Consuming the selected mutual restrained foods showed no intoxication in human subjects.