甲状腺手术病人体位改善的研究

Study on improving patient position in thyroid gland operation

目的探讨改进后的甲状腺手术体位对病人出现呕吐、疼痛等情况的影响。方法将206例甲状腺手术病人随机分为A、B两组，A组121例采用常规头后仰卧位，B组85例采用改进体位（尽量减少头颈后仰幅度和时间），观察比较两组病人出现疼痛、呕吐、呼吸、循环功能变化情况。结果A组病人各项观察指标术中与术前比较差异有显著性（P〈0．01），B组病人的各项指标术中与术前比较差异无显著性（P〉0．05），术中B组病人的生命体征比A组更为稳定（P〈0．01），出现疼痛、呕吐的情况减少。结论采用改进后的灵活手术体位可以降低病人术中疼痛和呕吐的发生，使病人的各项参数趋于稳定，有利于手术顺利完成。

Objective To explore more suitable patient positions for thyroid gland operation, and improve the patients＇ vital signs and decrease vomiting and pain during and after operating. Methods The patients were divided into two groups. 121 patients in Group A were operated by common position, 85 patients of Group B were operated by flexible position, then we observed the changes of heart rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure, blood oxygen saturation, vomiting times and patient number feeling pain. Results These indexes of Group B were obviously lower than those of Group A. Conclusion The improved flexible position could reduce vomiting and pain, stabilize vital signs of operated patients.