藏东南德姆拉山东坡及察隅河谷的蚂蚁群落

Ant Communities from East Slope of Mount Demola to Zayu Valley in Southeastern Tibet

蚂蚁隶属于昆虫纲（Insecta）膜翅目（Hymenoptera）蚁科（Formicidae）,是地球上分布最广泛、种类和数量最多的社会性昆虫,除了地球的两极及雪线之上,陆地上几乎都有蚂蚁的踪迹。蚂蚁不仅具有药用、食用及研究价值,还有改良土壤、帮助植物传粉、传播植物种子、防治害虫等功用（徐正会,2002）。

In order to reveal the pattern of ant diversity in southeastern Tibet,the ant communities from east slope of Mount Demola to Zayu Valley along altitudes of 1 590-4 776 m were surveyed by sample plots and search-collecting methods.In total,90 species belonging to 5 subfamilies and 30 genera of Formicidae family were recognized.The communities from the 14 plots at different altitudes had 4-12 species（average 10.3）,individual densities of 4.4-938 head·m-2（average 241.1 head·m-2）,diversity indexes of 0.674 9-2.121 3（average 1.195 8）,evenness indexes of 0.299 5-0.729 0（average 0.548 1）,and dominant indexes of 0.162 7-0.692 4（average 0.417 6）.Unlike the diversity pattern of ant communities in northwestern Yunnan Province,the restricting force of temperature on ant communities was reduced on the east slope of Mount Demola and Zayu,while the influence of vegetation types,vegetation nature,and habitat condition was enhanced.Similarity coefficients between the ant communities at different altitudes were 0.000 0-0.692 3（average 0.199 4）,which represented the extremely dissimilar to median similar level.The similarity level between ant communities increased with increasing altitude,but decreased with increasing distance.