级差系统与翻译主观性——析权威教材中的“不忠实”译例

Graduation and Translation Subjectivity:Analysis of "Unfaithful" Translation Cases in Authoritative Textbooks

评价是语篇意义的核心,因此评价意义的翻译至关重要。级差是评价意义的核心子系统,对于态度和情感表达的精确性起着关键作用,在某种程度上决定着翻译实践的成败。事实上,由于文化差异、语言表达习惯的不同和译者的个人主观因素,原作和译作中级差意义不一致的现象非常普遍,传统的翻译理论没有对此作出解释,当前的翻译教学也忽视了这一方面。运用马丁的评价理论,对权威教材中英汉/汉英译例进行分析,将原作和译作中级差意义不一致的情况进行系统对比和分类,发现不一致主要体现在译者改变级差意义、译者删减级差意义和译者添加级差意义几方面。

Appraisal is central to the understanding of discourse, so it should be translated with extreme caution. Graduation is a subsystem of Appraisal and plays a key role in the accurate expression of attitude and emotion, which determines the very quality of translation. However, in the translation process, due to objective factors of translators, cultural differences and the unique style of each language, translators often adjust the original gradua- tion with their own opinion, which include the change of graduation, the addition of graduation and the deletion of graduation. This paradox is neither dealt with in the theoretical research nor explained in the teaching of transla- tion. By applying appraisal theory, this paper attempts to classify, analyze and investigate causes to the ＂unfaith- ful＂ translations of graduation resources selected in authoritative text books. The study will help contribute to the development of translation theory and teaching.