蚊虫的采集及实验室饲养技术

Techniques of Mosquitoes Collecting and Laboratory Rearing

蚊虫的研究需要广泛的野外调查和实验室饲养,完整且种类丰富的蚊虫标本是开展其生物学、生态学、形态分类学、分子生物学以及抗药性研究的基础。本文系统地介绍了一套经过多年实践和改进而总结出的较理想的蚊虫采集和饲养工具;并总结了蚊虫幼虫、蛹和成虫的采集环境及方法,蚊虫幼虫及蛹的单管饲养和实验室饲养技术,成蚊的单雌饲养技术,幼虫皮、蛹皮和成蚊的保存方法,幼虫、蛹和成蚊的运输方法。本文介绍的相关技术和方法对于在蚊虫野外调查中获得完整的标本和生物生态学信息具有重要指导意义。

The field collecting and laboratory rearing of mosquitoes is essential for mosquito research. The mosquito specimens with perfect completeness and species richness are the foundation for extensive study on their biology, ecology, morphological taxonomy, molecular biology and insecticide resistance; however, the techniques for field colleting and laboratory rearing are still to be further improved and perfected. With many years of practice and improvement, the present paper introduces the ideal and operable tools of field collecting and laboratory rearing. Most importantly, here it summarizes in detail the collecting envi- ronment and method of mosquito larvae, pupae and adults, the techniques of the individual （with single-tube） and laboratory rearing of larvae and pupae and the progeny rearing of adults, the preservation method of larval and pupal exuviae and adults, and the field transportation method of all stages of mosquitoes. These technologies and methods are of instructive significance for mosquito field investigation and the acquirement of body-completed specimens and biological-ecological information.