小兴安岭南部幼龄期杂种落叶松生长变异与优良家系的选择

Genetic Variations in Growth Traits of Juvenile Stage Hybrid Larch in Southern Xiaoxing'an Mountains and Selection of Superior Families

对小兴安岭南部7年生杂种落叶松试验林22个处理树高、胸径进行了遗传变异、方差分析与相关分析表明:7年生、5年生和3年生处理间树高变异较丰富,平均变异系数分别为20.90%、26.40%和26.96%,随树木年龄增加各处理树高、胸径整体变异呈逐渐减小的趋势。不同年度树高、胸径以及树高与胸径之间呈极显著正相关,3年生与5年生、7年生树高皮尔逊相关系数分别为0.713、0.578,家系在幼龄期的生长表现稳定,7年生可以早期选择。兴安落叶松×日本落叶松、日本落叶松×兴安落叶松组合树高(胸径)分别超过兴安落叶松乌伊岭种源10.0%(22.9%)、5.2%(18.1%)。树高、胸径遗传力分别为0.652和0.606,5个优良家系树高、胸径的遗传增益分别为7.83%和12.53%。5个优良家系树高、胸径均值分别大于乌伊岭种源9.97%和26.20%。

Genetic variations, variance analysis, and correlation analysis were carried out on the growth traits （including tree height, diameter at breast height） of larch hybrids in an experimental forest in south- ern Xiaoxing＇an Mountain, China. The results showed wide ranges of tree height variation were observed among 7-, 5- and 3-year-old larch hybrid families with variation coefficients of 20. 90%, 26. 40% and 26.96%, respectively. With the increase of tree age, the overall variations of height and DBH gradually decreased. Very significant and positive correlations were found among the tree height and DBH with dif- ferent ages, and between the tree height and width. The Pearson correlation coefficients of height between 3-year-old and 5-, 7-year-old trees were 0. 713 and 0. 578, respectively. The larch hybrid families haa a sta- ble performance in the juvenile stage. A preliminary selection could be carried out among the trees with 7 years old. L. gmelinii × L . kaempferi and L. kaempferi ×L. gmelinii had the outstanding perform- ance. Their tree height （and DBH） were 10.0% （22.9%） and 5.2% （18.1%） respectively higher than Wuyiling （Larix gmelinii） provenance. Five larch hybrid families were selected as the superior ones. The heritability of height and DBH were 0. 652 and 0. 606. The genetic gains of them were 7. 83% and 12.53%. The average height and DBH of 5 superior families were 9.97% and 26.20% higher than those Of Wuyiling provenance.