领属转喻与汉语的句法和语篇

Possessive Metonymy in Chinese Syntax and Discourse

汉语中存在一种使用比较普遍的转喻模式:用领有者转指整个领属结构,比如用"他"来转指"他的X";或者用被领有者来转指整个领属结构,比如用"手"来转指"X的手"。这种转喻模式称之为"领属转喻"。这种领属转喻的出现受语篇制约,不出现的成分与话语中的话题同指。领属转喻在汉语的语篇中出现频率很高,说明汉语的句法高度依赖于语篇。

There is one class of metonymy widelyused in Chinese：possessive metonymy, which is related to possessive construction. It can he further classified into two types：one type uses the possessor to refer to the whole possessive construction,and the other uses the possessee to refer to the whole possessive construction. Possessive metonymy is controlled by context,and the missing part of the possessive construction must be discourse topic. The frequent use of possessive metonymy shows that syntax highly depends on discourse in Chinese.