中日文化在自他动词教学中的应用问题研究

A Study on Application of Sino-Japanese Culture in Teaching of Japanese Vi. and Vt.

日语自他动词是日语语法中的一个难点,主要表现在汉语的两用动词和日语的对应自他动词的使用方法上。在表示"动作—结果"这一意义时,汉语通过两用动词与其宾语的顺序来表示;而日语却要使用两个具有对立概念的对应自他动词来表示。两者既有对应关系,又极为相似,因此使用时常常出现误用现象。通过从中日两国的文化差异、语言习惯及文化心理方面对其进行探析,发现两者不同的使用倾向及日语对应自他动词使用的特点。

Japanese Vi. and Vt. is a difficulty in its grammar. The difficulty are mainly indicated on the use of medial-verbs and paired-Japanese Vi. and Vt. To express the meaning of action-result, the order of medial-verbs and its object was showed in Chinese, but paired-Japanese Vi. and Vt showing opposite concept was showed in Japanese. The learners of China often make mistakes because both have corresponding relation and look exactly like each other. This article talks about the different use- tendency of Vi. and Vt and the character of paired-Japanese Vi. and Vt ,by the analysis of the cultural difference, language culture, cultural psychology between the two countries.