杂交授粉方式对玉米与大刍草远缘杂交结实率的影响

Effects of Various Pollination Methods on Seed Setting Rate of Distant Crossing Between Corn and Teosinte

为了提高玉米与大刍草远缘杂交结实率,通过方差分析和多重比较等方法,研究不同杂交授粉方式对玉米与大刍草远缘杂交结实率的影响。结果表明:玉米与大刍草杂交,因受体材料(母本)基因型不同,以及采用不同的杂交授粉方式,杂交结实率会有明显差异。重复授粉、剪短雌穗顶部苞叶及花丝、喷施赤霉素等处理后授粉均极显著提高玉米与大刍草杂交结实率,且前2种处理杂交结实率显著高于后一种处理。因此,要提高玉米与大刍草杂交选育的饲草玉米制种产量,除注重对母本基因型选择外,还应采用重复授粉,剪短雌穗顶部苞叶及花丝后授粉等方式。

In order to improve the seed setting rate between corn and teosinte, the author analyzed the effects of various cross pollination methods on the seed setting rate of distant crossing between corn and teosinte by variance analysis method, multiple comparison method, and so on. The results showed that, the seed setting rate of distant crossing between corn and teosinte would be significantly different if the acceptor material （the female parent） genotypes or the cross pollination methods were different. The repetitive pollination, pollination after cutting the bracts, pollination after treating the thrum with gibberellin could improvement the seed setting rate of distant crossing. The seed setting rate by repetitive pollination, pollination after cutting the bracts and filaments were higher than by pollination after treating the thrum with gibberellin high significantly. Consequently, the selections of the female parent genotypes should be emphasized, repetitive pollination, pollination after cutting the bracts and filaments as well if we wanted to improve the seed production yield of forage grass corn bred by crossing corn with teosinte.