北京某高校大学生尝试吸烟行为及影响因素分析

Smoking behavior and its influence factors among undergraduate students in Beijing

目的了解北京市高校大学生烟草流行现状及其影响因素,为有效控制大学生吸烟提供科学依据。方法方便抽取北京市某高校680名学生进行问卷调查,采用SPSS 18.0进行统计分析。结果大学生对烟草危害知识的总知晓率为94.0%,对禁烟的总正向态度持有率为63.4%。大学生尝试吸烟率为24.2%,其中男生为37.4%,女生为14.2%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=50.114,P=0.000)。学生尝试吸烟原因的前3位分别为好奇(59.0%)、跟着别人吸(10.8%)、无聊(9.0%)。关于香烟的来源中,从同学朋友那里得到的比例最高,为31.9%;其次是从家长那里得到,为22.7%。尝试吸烟年龄集中在15～17岁(28.6%),其次为12～14岁(21.7%)。大学男生、同学吸烟、不拒绝朋友劝自己吸烟、近1个月家人在自己面前吸过烟、近1个月见过教师在学校吸烟等是影响大学生尝试吸烟行为的危险因素。结论北京高校大学生吸烟行为影响因素较多,在大学生中开展有效的健康教育和行为干预措施具有重要的意义。

Objective To learn the smoking prevalence of university students in Beijing and its influencing factors and to provide evidence for developing further tobacco control strategies. Methods A total of 680 students from a university in Beijing were selected to conduct questionnaire survey, and using SPSS 18.0 software for statistical analysis. Results The overall awareness of the harm to tobacco knowledge among college students was 94.02%, on the overall ratio of positive attitude to smoking was 63.35%, the rate of college students smoking-attempting was 24.2% [ 163/673 ）, the rate of boys smoking-attempting was 37.4% （ 111/297 ）, the rate of girls smoking-attempting was 14.2% （ 52/376）, statistically significant differences exist （X2 = 50.114, P = 0. 000）. The top of three reasons of students＂ smoking were curious （59.0% }, followed by others （ 10.8% ）, silly（9.0% ）. Sources on cigarettes, received from students or friends was the highest proportion（31.9% } , the second was received from parents [ 22.7% ）. The age of tried smoking was concentrated in 15 - 17 years old （ 28.6% ,46/161 } , followed by 12 - 14 years old （21.7%, 35/161 }. Male, classmates＂ smoking, not refuse friends＂ advice against smoking, seeing his family smoking or seeing teacher smoking in school in the preceding month were the risk factors for smoking-attempting behavior of college students. Conclu- sion Smoking behavior of undergraduate students of Beijing was affected by multiple factors, so effective health education and in- terventions should be implemented.