武汉市中小学生亲子沟通状况及其与生活质量的关系

Effects of parent-child communication and its relation with quality of life in Wuhan elementary and high school students

目的了解武汉市中小学生亲子沟通效果状况及生活质量,为探讨亲子沟通效果与生活质量的关系提供理论依据。方法分层随机抽取武汉市850名中小学生及其父母,采用亲子沟通效果问卷、生活质量问卷进行调查。结果母亲教育程度越高,亲子沟通效果更具优势,本科及以上学历的母亲在沟通效果上的得分显著高于小学学历的母亲(F=3.150,P<0.05)。父、母自我评价沟通效果差异无统计学意义,孩子评价母亲在沟通效果上的得分显著高于父亲,父、母对沟通效果自我评价显著高于孩子(t值分别为3.383,6.528,P值均<0.01)。不同学段学生亲子沟通效果差异有统计学意义,小学生亲子沟通效果的得分显著高于中学生(F值分别为22.85,16.51,P值均<0.01)。父、母的亲子沟通效果与父、母亲生活质量呈正相关(r值分别为0.422,0.221,P值均<0.01)。结论父母教育程度、学段等因素影响亲子沟通效果;亲子沟通效果越好,父、母亲生活质量得分越高。

Objective To investigate the effects of parent-child communication and the quality of life, and to explore the relation between the effects of parent-child communication and life quality in Wuhan elementary and high school students. Methods A total of 850 elementary and high school parents＂ and children~ reports on the effects of parent-child communication and life qual- ity were used in stratified-cluster sampling. Results The higher levels of mothers＂ education, the better effects of parent-child communication. Mothers with bachelor degree or higher, their scores of parent-child communication were significantly higher than elementary ones{ F = 3. 150 ,P 〈 0.05）. There were no significant differences in parents＂ self-evaluation of communication effects, but their scores were significant higher than their children~ { t = 3. 383, P 〈 0.01 ;t = 6.528, P 〈 0.01 ）. And significant school peri- ods differences in communication effects were found between elementary and high school students{ F = 22.85, P 〈 0.01 ;F = 16.51, P 〈 0.01}. Positive relation was found between the effects of parent-child communication and the quality of life { r = 0. 422, P 〈 0.01 ;r = 0.221 ,P 〈 0.01 }. Conclusion Parents＂ education levels and students＂ school periods may influence their communi- cation effects ; the better effects of parent-child communication, the higher scores of parent-child quality of life.