超重肥胖对儿童青少年运动素质和生活质量的影响

Effects of overweight and obesity on motor constitution and quality of life among children and adolescents

目的了解儿童青少年超重、肥胖发生情况及其对运动素质和生活质量的影响,为采取有效措施提高儿童青少年体质健康与生活质量水平提供理论依据。方法分层整群抽取哈尔滨、武汉、湘潭、广州4地区4 104名7～18岁儿童,比较肥胖、超重的检出率在性别及年龄上的分布差异,并进一步分析超重组、肥胖组儿童青少年和正常组儿童青少年在运动素质和生活质量上的差异。结果各学段男生肥胖和超重检出率均高于女生,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05),且儿童青少年肥胖、超重检出率有随年龄上升而下降的趋势;超重组、肥胖组儿童青少年运动素质水平较体重正常组差,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05);超重、肥胖儿童青少年与体重正常儿童青少年相比,生活质量水平受损不明显(P值均>0.05)。结论儿童青少年超重、肥胖的发生在性别及年龄上具有差异。超重、肥胖的出现会对身心健康产生一系列的影响。

Objective To study the prevalence of overweight and obesity among children and adolescent, to analyze the in- fluence of overweight and obesity on motor constitution and quality of life, and to provide bases for enhancing their physical health and quality of life. Methods Collect data from 4 104 children and adolescents. By using BMI screening overweight and obesity ones, the differences of gender and age were analyzed. Then compare motor constitution and quality of life between overweight group, obesity group and normal group. Results The prevalence rates of overweight and obesity in male were higher than that of female one. The differences were statistical significance { P 〈 0.05 ）. The trends that the older the children and adolescences, the lower the rates of overweight and obesity. The motor constitution in overweight group and obesity group were significantly worse than in normal group. The difference was statistical significance （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The quality of life in overweight group, obesity group and normal group had no difference （ P 〉 0.05 ）. Conclusion The prevalence rates of overweight and obesity have difference in gender and age, and the children and adolescents have some physical or psychological problems with overweight and obesity.