抗糖尿病药致不良反应的文献分析

Literature Analysis of Adverse Drug Reaction Induced by Antidiabetic Agents

目的:探讨抗糖尿病药致不良反应发生的情况,为临床合理用药服务。方法:通过中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)收集1998-2011年发表的抗糖尿病药致不良反应发生的相关文献,对不良反应发生的患者性别与年龄构成、发生时间分布、累及器官或系统、药品种类等进行汇总、分析。同时对糖尿病并发症相关药物的不良反应亦做了归纳与分析。结果:抗糖尿病药引发不良反应的年龄主要集中于51岁以上;发生时间主要集中于1d～2个月;累及器官或系统涉及全身各大系统,其中最常见的为胃肠道反应;严重不良反应主要发生于心血管系统、免疫系统、内分泌系统中,包括室性早搏、低血糖性昏迷、过敏性休克、全身剥脱性皮炎甚至死亡等。结论:糖尿病及其并发症治疗药物产生的不良反应是广泛的,有些甚至是严重的;广大临床医师及药师应对其进行密切的监测,积极推进抗糖尿病药临床合理使用。

OBJECTIVE： To investigate the adverse drug reaction （ADR） of antidiabetic agents, and to provide reference for rational drug use in the clinic. METHODS： Related literatures of ADR induced by antidiabetic agents were collected from CNKI database during 1998-2011. Patient’s gender and age, occurrence time, involved organs or system and drug varieties were summarized and analyzed. ADR of diabetes complication drugs were also summarized and analyzeds. RESULTS： ADR of antidiabetic agents mainly occurred in patients aged 51 years above and often appeared from 1 day to 2 months. Organs or systems involved in ADR were general body system. General ADR reactions wrer disturbances of the digestive tract. Serious ADR happened in the systems of cardiovascular, immunity and endocrine. ADR symptoms often included VPC, glycopenia coma, anaphylactic shock, exfoliative dermatitis, death and so on. CONCLUSION： ADRs induced by drugs for diabetes and complication are extensive and serious. Doctors and clinic pharmacists should monitor the ADR carefully for the advance of rational use of antidiabetic agents in the clinic.