妊娠期糖尿病孕鼠巨大儿子代模型建立方法的改良

Establishment of macrosomic offspring model of diabetic rats

目的建立妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)孕鼠巨大儿子代模型。方法 28只雌性SD大鼠及14只雄性SD大鼠按雌雄比2∶1合笼过夜,次晨行阴道涂片,以发现精子当天为受孕第1天。将确定孕期的SD大鼠(24只)随机分为造模组(16只)和对照组(8只),孕5 d时造模组孕鼠尾静脉一次性注射链脲佐菌素(STZ)37 mg/kg,对照组孕鼠注射等量柠檬酸钠缓冲液。观察轻度GDM孕鼠及其巨大儿子代获得率;观察GDM孕鼠巨大儿子代出生至8周龄(青春期)的体重变化。结果 16只STZ造模孕鼠中有8只达到了轻度GDM的血糖标准,获得率为50%。8只轻度GDM孕鼠共生产巨大儿子鼠42/88只(雌19只,雄23只),获得率为47.7%,出生体重为(8.13±0.53)g,其出生至8周龄各时间点体重均较对照组子代显著升高(均P<0.05)。结论孕5 d时给予中剂量STZ能造成孕鼠轻度高血糖,并能成功建立GDM孕鼠巨大儿子代模型。

Objective To establish a macrosomic offspring model of diabetic rats. Methods Twenty - eight female and 14 male SD rats were housed in cages in a ratio of 2： 1. Vaginal smear was performed on the next morning, and the first day of gestation was estimated by the presence of spermatozoids in vaginal smears. Twenty - four pregnant rats were randomly divided into streptozotocin （STZ） - treated group （ n = 16） and control group （ n = 8）. On the fifth day of gestation, STZ -treated rats were injected with STZ （37 mg/kg） via tail vein, and the control rats were injected with citrate buffer. The rate of obtaining mild gestational diabetes mellitus （GDM） and macrosomic offspring was evaluated. The weight gain of macrosomic offspring was also recorded from birth to 8 - weeks old. Results Eight of 16 streptozotocin - treated rats achieved mild GDM criterion, with a success rate of 50%. Eight mild GDM rats produced 42/88 macrosomia, with a success rate of 47.7% and an average birth weight of （8. 13 ±0. 53）g. Macrosomia of mild GDM rats had higher body weight than offspring of control rats at any time point from birth to 8 - weeks of age （all P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion Administration of moderate dose of STZ on the fifth day of gestation results in mild hyperglycemia in pregnant rats and creation of macrosomic offspring model.