小型短电磁脉冲传感器

Compact short electromagenetic pulse sensor

对一种短偶极子类小型短电磁脉冲传感器进行了研究,分析了传感器电容、有效面积与结构参数之间的解析关系,给出了传感器的工作原理。根据应用需求设计了不同带宽的该类传感器,并对其波形保真性和有效面积进行了数值分析,仿真结果表明:经传感器接收并还原所得场波形与激励电场波形几乎完全重合,传感器有效面积与理论分析结果偏差小于1%。对传感器的焊接、定位和对轴等制作工艺进行了研究,完成了传感器样品的制作。利用单锥TEM室对传感器的波形保真性和有效面积进行了实验测试,测试结果表明:设计制作的传感器样品可以很好地恢复待测脉冲电场的波形和幅度,两支传感器样品的有效面积实测结果与解析计算结果较为一致,偏差分别小于4%和7%。

A kind of compact short electromagnetic pulse sensor with short dipole is studied in this paper.The basic principle of the sensor and the relationship between geometry and electromagnetic parameters such as capacitance and equivalent area are introduced.A series of sensors is designed and fabricated for the measurement of short pulses with different widths.Experiments on such sensors are carried out in the ultra-wideband TEM cell produced by the mono-conical antenna.The waveform fidelity and the equivalent area are surveyed in the experiments.The numerical analysis and experimental results show that the sensor could receive and reconstruct short pulses very well and the measured value of the equivalent area coincides with the theoretical prediction.The small sensor studied in this paper is a good choice for the miniaturization of antenna measurements for ultra-wideband electromagnetic pulses.