基于泰尔指数的城乡义务教育均等化评价

Evaluation based on Theil Index of Equalization of Urban and Rural Compulsory Education

当前我国义务教育处于非均衡发展状态,不同区域之间、城乡之间、群体之间仍存在义务教育的失衡,甚至同一地区的校际间也存在比较突出的差异。促进城乡义务教育均等化不仅是教育发展规律的内在要求,也是落实人才强国战略的现实路径。本文对国内外有关义务教育均等化的研究文献进行评价,并使用泰尔指数测算我国城乡义务教育的均等化程度,客观反映城乡义务教育经费、优质师资、办学条件等方面存在的差距,据此提出促进城乡义务教育均等化的对策建议,合理配置城乡义务教育资源,促进城乡义务教育均衡发展,切实保障农村适龄儿童少年平等接受义务教育的权利,努力形成惠及全民的公平教育。

Presently, the development of compulsory education in our country is unbalanced. Such imbalance exists among differ- ent regions, urban and rural areas, and different groups, it even exists obviously among schools in one same area. Promoting the equalization of compulsory education between urban and rural areas is not only the inherent requirement of the law of education development, but also the realistic way to implement the strategy of reinvigorating China through human resource development. This essay analyzes relative literature on compulsory education equalizing in China and foreign countries, and measures the extent of equalization of urban and rural compulsory education in China. It objectively reflects the distance between urban and rural compulsory education in funds, high quality teachers and schooling conditions. Accordingly, we make suggestions on promoting the equalization of urban and rural compulsory education. Such suggestions aim to place educational resource reasonably and to promote the development of compulsory education in urban and rural areas evenly, to practically assure the rights of rural school-age children to get the access of education equally, and thus form a fair educational system which will benefit all people in our country.