山苍子精油对同丝水霉卵孢子和菌丝超微结构的影响

Effects of Litsea cubeba Essential Oil on the Ultrastructure of Saprolegnia monoica Oospore and Hyphae

利用扫描电镜和透射电镜观察了山苍子精油(Litsea cubebaessential oil,LEO)对同丝水霉(Saprolegnia monoica)卵孢子及菌丝形态和细胞超微结构的影响.山苍子精油处理后卵孢子扭曲变形,表面不光滑,伴随有小颗粒状物出现或泡状突起,原生质外泄.卵孢子内脂质体聚合成数量极少的大颗粒,细胞质中出现空泡.山苍子精油也可破坏菌丝细胞壁和细胞膜的结构,使细胞壁外的绒毛状包被物消失,细胞膜连续性被破坏,细胞器多崩解,膜系统解体,胞浆中大部分被电子薄区占据,细胞内出现较多空泡.结果表明山苍子精油对卵孢子及菌丝的细胞壁和细胞内结构都有明显损伤,能抑制水霉卵孢子的萌发及菌丝生长.

Effects of Litsea cubeba essential oil （LEO） on the ultrastructure of Saproleg- nia monoica oospore and hyphae were observed with scanning electron microscope （SEM） and transmission electron microscope （TEM）. It revealed that LEO not only inhibited the hyphal growth and oospore germination, but also caused a series of marked morphological and cell structural changes. These changes were that oospores distorted,exine sculpture disappeared, small particles or bubble-like protuberances appeared on the surface of oospores, cytoplasm inhomogeneity and inclusion in cell exosmosised, liposome integrated, vacuoles increased in oospores, and the cell wall and membrane structure of hyphae was damaged, villous-like ma- terial outside of the cell wall disappeared, the cell wall thinning even fracture, membrane con- tinuity is destroyed, cell organelle disintegration, endoplasmic reticulum disintegrated. The cytological change resulted in the necrosis of oospores and hyphal cell.