我国不同麦区小麦品种的面粉溶剂保持力

Solvent Retention Capacities of Varieties from Different Wheat Regions in China

溶剂保持力(SRC)是评价软麦品质的一项重要指标。为了解我国不同麦区小麦品种溶剂保持力的差异,2008—2009和2009—2010生长季测定了181个小麦品种的4种溶剂保持力,并分析其遗传变异及不同麦区品种SRC特点。结果表明,4种SRC值在品种、年度和麦区间均差异显著(P<0.01或P<0.05),此外,年份×品种和年份×麦区的互作效应也达显著水平(P<0.01)。主成分分析表明,仅主成分1的特征值大于1.0,其对方差的解释率为72.3%;根据主成分综合得分对供试品种聚类,结果显示各麦区品种SRC值变异明显,存在不同SRC类型的品种资源,低SRC品种在长江中下游麦区相对较多,而中、高SRC品种多分布于黄淮麦区。筛选出阿勃、法展5号、淮麦17、宁麦3号、宁麦6号、皖麦48、选7、扬麦13、扬麦17、郑麦004等低SRC品种,可用于弱筋小麦品种选育和品质改良。

Solvent retention capacity （SRC） is an important index for predicting flour functionality in soft wheat, which includes water SRC, 50% lactic acid SRC, 5% sodium carbonate SRC, and 50% sucrose SRC. To understand the SRC character of wheat varieties in China, We measured four types of SRC in 181 varieties from different wheat regions in 2008-2009 and 2009-2010 growing seasons. According to analysis of variance, all types of SRC were significantly influenced by genotype, year, and wheat region （P 〈 0.01 or 0.05）. Besides, the interactions of genotype ~ year and year x wheat region were also significant （P 〈 0.01）. The principal component analysis showed that component 1 had initial eigenvalue higher than 1.0, and explained 72.3% of total SRC variance. The result of clustering based on principal score showed that there was obvious variation of SRC among the 181 varieties, and each wheat region contained varieties with different SRC characteristics. The Middle and Lower Yangtze Valleys Autunm-Sown Spring Wheat Zone had more genetic resources with low SRC than other wheat regions, and varieties with medium and high SRC were mostly distributed in the Yellow and Hual River Valleys Facultative Wheat Zone. A few varieties with low SRC were selected, including Abbondanza, Fazhang 5, Huaimai 17, Ningmal 3, Ningmai 6, Wanmai 48, Xuan 7, Yangmai 13, Yangmai 17, and Zhengmai 004, which can be used in breeding and quality improvement of weak-strength wheat.