气候变化与海洋生物多样性关系研究进展

Progress and prospect of climate change and marine biodiversity

气候变化与生物多样性的关系研究已经成为落实《生物多样性公约》的焦点议题,海洋生物多样性是生物多样性的重要组成部分,研究气候变化与海洋生物多样性的关系对于保护全球生物多样性具有重要意义。作者分析讨论了气候变化与太平洋鲱鱼(Clupea pallasi)等海洋生物目标物种、东海浮游动物等海洋生物群落结构、珊瑚礁和红树林等敏感海洋生态系统的关系以及动态生物气候封闭式模型预测方面的研究进展,提出了我国在该领域需要深入研究的问题和对策,包括重视目标物种研究、加强生物区系和群落结构研究、加大敏感海洋生态系统研究、开展长时间尺度海洋生物多样性研究、开展预测研究和基于地理信息系统的气候变化与海洋生物多样性关系研究等。

The relationship between biodiversity and climate change is a primary focal point of the Convention on Biological Diversity. Marine biodiversity is an important part of global biodiversity, therefore, it is imperative to have a thorough understanding of the relationship of climate change and marine organism. We reviewed the research about the relationship of climate changes and marine target species like Clupea pallasi, marine population structure such as zooplankton in East China Sea, marine ecosystems like coral reef and mangrove, and forecasting models such as dynamics bioclimate envelope models. We also identified the current status of climate change in China. Based on our analysis, we developed a set of research strategies including attaching importance to target species, enhancing marine animal population, identifying sensitive marine ecosystems, continuing long term studies, developing simulations on marine biodiversity under different climate change scenarios, and using ocean geographyic information system （GIS）.