流行性乙型脑炎22例临床及影像学特征分析

Clinical and radiological characteristics of 22 epidemic encephalitis B cases

目的分析22例流行性乙型脑炎(乙脑)患者临床资料,总结乙脑的临床及影像学特征,丰富乙脑诊治经验。方法收集2011年1月至2011年12月广州市妇女儿童医疗中心神经康复科住院的22例乙脑患儿临床资料,分析发病特征、临床体征、影像学特征。对病例资料采用描述性分析的统计学方法。结果临床特征方面:22例乙脑患者除均表现出高热、意识障碍、惊厥、肢体瘫痪外,其中4例还表现出帕金森综合征的症状及体征。影像学方面:22例中21例表现出双侧丘脑受损,具有帕金森综合征表现的4例除双侧丘脑受累外,还有中脑大脑脚受损的影像学证据。结论乙脑除病毒性脑炎常见临床表现外,部分病例表现出帕金森综合征症状及体征,丘脑及中脑受累是乙脑的特征性影像学改变。

Objective Analyze the clinical data of the 22 cases of epidemic encephalitis B,summarize the clinical and radiologic features and improve the diagnosis and treatment of encephalitis.Methods Clinical symptoms and signs,and radiological features were analyzed by statistical description.Results All 22 cases of encephalitis showed high fever, unconsciousness, convulsions and limb paralysis,of which 4 patients showed symptoms and signs of Parkinson＇s syndrome.In addition,21 cases showed bilateral thalamus damage,of which 4 cases with Parkinson＇s syndrome had cerebral peduncle of midbrain damage by radiographic examination.Conclusion In addition to the common clinical symptoms and sighs of viral encephalitis,Parkinson＇s syndrome and hypothalamus and midbrain damage by radiographic examination are found in most patients with epidemic encephalitis B.