模拟酸雨对春小麦开花期叶片光合特性及产量的影响

Effects of simulated acid rain on photosynthetic characteristics and yield of spring wheat at flowering stage

本试验采用pH为1.5、2.5、3.5、4.5和5.6的模拟酸雨在春小麦开花期对其进行喷淋,测定不同pH模拟酸雨处理后春小麦叶片的光合参数与春小麦产量。研究结果表明:随着酸雨pH的下降,春小麦叶片净光合速率下降了24.20%～58.23%,气孔导度下降了35.90%～58.37%,蒸腾速率下降了36.70%～56.69%,胞间CO2浓度上升了73.26%～101.06%,叶绿素相对含量下降了1.96%～15.99%,产量下降了12.54%～32.53%。酸雨对春小麦叶片光合特性的影响随酸雨的氢离子浓度增大而愈显著。酸雨pH与净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度、叶绿素相对含量及春小麦最终产量均呈极显著正相关,与胞间CO2浓度呈显著负相关。

Spring wheat at flowering stage was sprayed with simulated acid rain at different pH levels of 1.5, 2.5, 3.5, 4.5 and 5.6, and then, the yield and the photosynthetic parameters of spring wheat leaves were monitored. The results indicate： The net photosynthetic rate reduces in the range of 24.20% -58.23 %, stomatal conductance reduces in the range of 35.90% - 58.37 %, transpiration rate reduces in the range of 36.70% -56.69%, intercellular CO2 concentration increases in the range of 73.26% - 101.06%, the chlorophyll relative content reduces in the range of 1.96% ~ 15.99%, and the yield of spring wheat reduces in the range of 12.54% - 32.53%. The effect of simulated acid rain on photosynthetic characteristics of spring wheat leaves increases more and more remarkable with the incre.ase of hydrogen ion concentration. The pH values of simulated acid rain are significantly positively correlated with net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, relative chlorophyll content and the yield, while they are significantly negatively correlated with intercellular CO2 concentration.