混配柠条复合基质对茄子幼苗生长发育的影响

Influence of Caragana-straw as Component of Mixed Substrate on Growth of Eggplant Seedlings

以发酵柠条粉、珍珠岩和蛭石为材料,按照不同比例混配形成柠条粉复合基质,以普通商品育苗基质为对照(CK),通过基质理化性状、幼苗生长发育、根系活力、壮苗指数等指标,比较分析混配基质育苗效果,研究其理化性状和在茄子育苗中的应用效果。结果表明,添加发酵柠条粉基质,提高混配基质的总孔隙度和通气孔隙,降低基质的持水孔隙,部分复合基质完全符合育苗基质要求,且育苗效果明显优于CK;发酵柠条粉体积分数在50%～60%,总孔隙度为70%～90%,通气孔隙在9.5%～11.5%时育苗效果更佳;通过茄子幼苗根系活力和壮苗指数的生理指标确定茄子最佳育苗基质配比为V(柠条粉)∶V(珍珠岩)∶V(蛭石)=3∶1∶1或3∶1∶2。

In order to study the physical properties and application effects of mixed growth media in eggplant nursery, fermented Caragana powder, perlite and vermiculite were used as the material to make different growth media under different mixing rates, and the physical properties, seedling growth, roots activity and seedling index were measured. The results showed that adding fermented powder as substrate improved the total porosity and ventilation, and reduced matrix water retention porosity. Some of mixed substrates met the requirements of seedling nursery substrate, and the effect was better than CK. The best seedling effect was obtained with fermented Caragana powder volume fraction between 50 %- 60 %, total porosity in 70 % - 90%, aeration porosity in 9.5 % - 11.5 %. The optimal formula of eggplant seedlings substrate was caragana powder ： perlite ： vermiculite = 3 ： 1 ： 1 or 3 ： 1 ： 2 （volume ratio）.