不同竹林土壤抗蚀性指标对比分析研究

Comparative Study on Soil Anti-Erodibility Index of Different Bamboo Forests

竹子作为重要的森林资源之一,具有生长迅速、耐旱、抗性强、多年生的特点,同时竹林有美化环境、涵养水源、保持水土的功能和很高的开发利用价值,在西南地区退耕还林中起着重要的作用。为研究不同竹林之间的土壤抗蚀性差别,选择昆明西山的灰金竹林、慈竹林、实心竹林,通过对几种竹林的土壤有机质含量、水稳性团聚体风干率、水稳性指数及分散性指数、土壤容重、孔隙度和地表径流泥沙含量多个土壤抗蚀性指标的测定和分析,将含沙量作为因变量,其余指标作为自变量通过Excel统计和SPSS方差分析、主成分分析,得出了它们在不同指标下的土壤抗蚀性的强弱关系。综合分析表明:>0.5 mm水稳性团聚体风干率和有机质含量是反映竹林土壤抗蚀性的最佳指标,3种竹林间土壤抗蚀性强弱关系为灰金竹林>实心竹林>慈竹林。

Bamboo,one of the important forest resources,has the characteristics of quick growth,drought resistant,strong resistance and perennial.The bamboo forest has the functions of beautifying the surroundings,conserving water resources and preserving water and soil.It has high value of development and utilization and plays an important role in returning cultivated land to woodland in southwest China.In order to study the difference of soil anti-erodibility of different bamboo forests,the paper selected Phyllostachys sulphurea,Neosinocalamus affinis and Fargesia fractiflexa that grown in Xishan Mountain of Kunming.It obtained the strength of relationship of soil anti-erodibility under the different indexes through the determination and analysis on the multiple indexes of soil erosion resistance of content of soil organic matter,water stability aggregate drying rate,water stability index and dispersion,soil bulk density,porosity and sediment concentration of surface runoff of bamboo forest.It took sediment concentration as a dependent variable and the others as independent variables based on the statistics of EXCEL and the analysis of principal component and SPSS variance.The outcomes show that: a) the content of water stable aggregates which is greater than 0.5 mm and the soil organic matter content are the best index and;b) the strength of soil anti-erodibility of the three bamboo forests is Phyllostachys sulphurea > Fargesia fractiflexa > Neosinocalamus affinis.