曼陀罗及其变种紫花曼陀罗的形态性状比较研究

Morphological Comparison of Datura stramonium L. and its Variants

对曼陀罗与其变种紫花曼陀罗的生长特性进行了比较观察,结果表明:曼陀罗花白色,叶柄较长,叶片较宽,叶边缘齿数较多,叶面积较大,单株结实少,花丝着生位置偏花冠下部,而紫花曼陀罗叶柄较短、叶宽度小,叶长宽比大,叶边缘锯齿数少,茎粗,单株结实数多,果大,花长,花丝着丝点位置在花冠较高位,且抗逆性整体优于曼陀罗,这些形态差异特征可以作为曼陀罗与紫花曼陀罗的辅助分类依据。

This article conducts a comparative study of growth characteristics about Datura stramonlum L. and its variants Datura stramonium var tatula Torrey. The results show that,Datura flowers have white,long petiole length, wider blade, more leaf margin serrate, large leaf area per plant, less seed yield per plant and fil- aments inserted position of lower partial corolla,And Datura stramonium var tatula Torrey has shorter peti- ole and leaf width,bigger leaf length and width ratio,less leaf margin serrate per plant, bigger stem diame- ter,bigger fruit,logner flowers, and higher filaments centromere position in the corolla. Overall, the Datura stramonium var tatula Torrey is better than Datura stramonium in the aspect of the stress resistance. There- fore,the morphological differences between Datura stramonium and its variants can be used as the basis of i- dentification.