“悲剧”概念的谱系学分析

A Genealogical Analysis of the Concept "Tragedy"

悲剧艺术起源于古希腊,从即兴表演发展而来。亚里士多德将悲剧作为一种文学形式进行探讨,黑格尔将悲剧演变为作为哲学观念的悲剧,马克思将黑格尔伦理力量的冲突替换为社会和历史的术语,提出了革命的历史悲剧学说。而叔本华则是从人性的角度解释悲剧发生学,悲剧因而与现代性联系起来,并成为人类社会中不可避免的现象。

The tragic art originated in ancient Greece and it developed from the improvisational performance. And Aris- totle studied tragedy as a kind of literary form and Hegel developed it into the one with philosophical thoughts. Further, Marx replaced Hegel＇s conflict of ethic force with social and historical technical term and put forward his theory of historical tragedy. However, Schopenhauer interpreted the beginning of tragedy from the perspective of humanity. And tragedy hence got associ- ated with modernity and is inevitable in human society.